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Review for First Lecture Exam 1- Botany - Winter 2002
This list of questions is meant to help students direct their studies. It is
not meant to be exhaustive. Students are responsible for all material covered.
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Explain the scientific method.
What are the five unifying themes of botany?
Chapter 2 -
Chapter 3 - Cells
List all the parts of a plant cell and explain their function.
What are the three parts of the cell theory?
What is the difference between protoplasm and cytoplasm?
How is the primary cell wall different from the secondary cell wall?
What is the difference between a primary pit field and a pit?
Where is the middle lamellae located?
Is the secondary cell wall laid down before or after the cell stops growing?
What are plasmodesmata and what is their importance to living plants?
What is the function of a plastid?
What are the three types of plastids and how are they different from one
another?
Draw a diagram of a chloroplast and label all the parts.
Draw a diagram of a mitochondrion and label all the parts.
What is the difference between a microbody and a vacuole?
List all the components of the endomembrane system
Describe how the components of the endomembrane system interact with each other
to make a protein.
Why does a cell have a cytoskeleton?
What is the function of the ribosomes?
What is the function of the cell nucleus? How does it perform its function?
Chapter 4 Membranes and Membrane transport
Explain the functions of the cell membrane.
Describe the structure and function of phospholipids.
What features of phospholipids account for the double layer of the cell
membrane?
Why does the cell membrane contain cholesterol?
What functions do proteins perform in the cell membrane?
What is a concentration gradient?
What role does concentration play in the movement of molecules?
How are passive transport mechanisms different from active transport processes?
How are diffusion and osmosis alike? How are they different?
What is the difference between a solvent and a solute?
Define the terms hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic.
Is a cell hypertonic or hypotonic compared to pure water?
Why don't plant cells explode when they are placed in pure water?
What is turgor pressure?
When a plant wilts, describe the events that occur at the level of the cell.
How is facilitated diffusion different from regular diffusion?
How is facilitated diffusion different from active transport?
Where does the energy come from to power active transport?
Does active transport work with or against the concentration gradient?
What are endocytosis and exocytosis?
How is phagocytosis different from pinocytosis?
Why are cells microscopic?
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